What Contributes to Depression in children?
Depression is complex and rarely has a single cause. A range of factors can influence a child's mental health.
Risk Factors for Depression in Pre-Teens
Factors that may increase vulnerability include:
- Family history of depression or anxiety
- Exposure to ongoing stress and adverse life events
- Experiences of bullying or social exclusion
- Significant life changes
- Difficulties at school
- Physical health concerns
Social and Emotional Influences on children's Mental Health
Children’s mental health is strongly influenced by their relationships and environment.
Challenges such as friendship difficulties, family conflict, academic pressures, social comparison and online experiences can all affect mental wellbeing. When multiple pressures occur at the same time, it can increase risk for experiencing a mental health concern.
Importantly, depression is nobody's fault. Understanding potential influences can help families focus on support, connection and recovery.
Supporting Mental Wellbeing in Children
Mental wellbeing is about more than preventing mental health difficulties. It involves helping young people feel connected, capable and supported as they navigate life's ups and downs.
Protective Factors for children's Mental Wellbeing
Protective factors may include:
- Supportive adults who listen and care
- Positive friendships and social connections
- Strong family relationships
- Safe and inclusive school environments
- Consistent routines and boundaries
- Opportunities to build confidence and skills
Building Mental Wellbeing in Pre-Teens
Parents and carers can support wellbeing by:
- Encouraging open conversations about feelings
- Helping children develop healthy coping strategies
- Supporting regular sleep, movement and nutrition
- Creating opportunities for connection and belonging
- Modelling positive help-seeking behaviours
Small, everyday actions can play an important role in promoting mental health.
Support for Pre-Teen Depression
If a young person is experiencing depression, support is available and recovery is possible.
Evidence-Based Support for Depression in children
Effective support often includes:
- Psychological therapies
- Family-focused approaches
- School-based wellbeing supports
- Collaborative care involving health professionals
Support should be tailored to the needs, age and circumstances of the individual child.
Talking Therapies for Children
Talking therapies help children understand their emotions, develop coping skills and build resilience.
A mental health professional can work with a child and family to identify challenges, explore strengths and develop practical strategies for managing difficult feelings.
Digital Mental Health Supports for children
Digital resources and online mental health programs can provide additional support when recommended by a health professional. These tools may help young people learn skills, track wellbeing and access trusted information.
